About 85 to 90 percent of learning difficulties are due to poor underlying learning skills. These skills include:
Attention/Concentration: the ability to stay on-task or ignore distractions. For example, continuing to read a book while another group is in a discussion.
Phonemic awareness: the ability to blend sounds, segment (unglue) sounds, and analyze sounds. Problems with reading new words or making spelling errors in writing result from poor phonemic awareness.
Memory: the ability to recall short or long term information. For example, copying from a board (short term) or taking a final history exam (long term).
Comprehension: the ability to understand.
Visualization: the ability to create mental pictures. For example, seeing "in the mind" a math word problem before trying to solve it.
Processing Speed: the ability to handle and process information quickly.